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To the RtRight HonbleHonourable the LdLord CommrsCommissioners of his
MatiesMajesties Treasury.
May it please yoryour LordpLordship
In answer to the Memorialists Mr Briggs & Mr Nicholson,
I humbly represent, that I as often as they have applied to me I have told them that without a Warrant
from the King I could not receive copper in blanks nor coin money
with round edges for the people; & that without your LorpsLordships Warrant I could not deliver Cutters to them. mthem also that Mr Appleby & Mr Hines
having all things ready for a triall were to coin their five T
first; & that when I was ready for the Memorialists I
would give them notice, but it would take up som
to prepare the Mint for a triall. There is no difficulty in
rounding the edges of the blanks, & I have not delivered another
cutter to Mr Appleby & Mr Hines nor are they Contractors
but at discretion.
Nor have theirre been any delays but for want of authorityWarrants wchwhich the Memoreal
instead of applying for aWarrants have given themselves a great deal of trouble in solliciting me to
act without them & have built furnaces
And if the Memorialists have built furnaces
&& prepared a sufficient quantity of Copper ready for the cutters
& been at sufficient charges in preparing the same, they have
done it contrary to my advice rashly & & in opposition to the notice wchwhich I gave them that Mr Appleby & Hines were to have the first & without staying for sufficient
authority & make & in opposition to the notice wchwhich I gave them that Hines & Appleby were
& can blame no body but themselves if they should
lose their charges. These things being facts evince the complaints in
the Memorial to be fals & treacherousperverse & may excuse me from
thinking any further of this tryall
me sufficient Warrants.
Mr Nicholson is a Pewterer & understands nothing
of this matter but what his partner teaches him. Mr Briggs is a dealer in Barba
ry copper is a dealer in Barbary
copper & understands not how to refine copper but may hire others. They
but must hire the refining work out & is a dealer in Barbary copper still he can And they
they have both told me that they shall lose by this trial, & therefore by consequence that it will
not be a fair uon an equall foot
ButBut if the Memorialists instead of applying for Warrant have given themselves a great
deale of trouble in solliciting me to act without them, & in opposition to be the notice
wchwhich I gave them that Appleby & Hines being ready should have the first tryall,
they have built furnaces & prepared a sufficient quantity of copper ready
for the Cutters & been at s in preparing the same; they have done it
contrary to my advice & without staying for sufficient authority & can blame
no body but themselves if they should lose their charges for acting in this
& may suffice to shew that the accusations in the Memorial are fals & malitious.
the Gold & silver is performed by people under my
direction that I may be because I am accountable for by people who do not oppose me weight & fineness, &
[if the copper be coined in the same manner I shall be able to
perform itthis coinage the better., & And as this is suitable to the Kings Warrant by which I act chso thatAnd that
those who deal in copper may not be too much discouraged from serving me
I humbly pray that Mr Hines Appleby & Mr Hines may be allowed to prepare & import theat
Copper at least wchwhich they have begun to work upon.]tsMajestys Warrant for t
coining of copper money makes me accountable also for this sort of
coinage. And that ththe value there the finest fine copper is a manufactur
never before set up in England. & I have met wthwith great difficulties in setting
it up in the cheapest manner for want of time to try experiments before I began. For removing the main
difficulties I perswaded Mr Appleby & Mr Hines to rend a water mill a horse mill being too weak & the
difficulties are in a great measure removed, & those that remain will be
more easily
more easily removed by people under my direction then by such as do
oppose meare not not regain me.. To be concerned in this sort of coinage I never desired
but it falls to my lot. And things are upon such a foot that I can
get nothing but discredit by coyning the money ill.
[In the reign of
K. Cha. II the Blanks were made in Swedeland where work is cheap, & a pound weight of
Copper was cut into 20d. In the reign of King William the copper
was worth about 88d prper lwtpound weight & the a pound weight is nowweighwas at cut into 21d wth a remedy of almost a penny. In the reign of K Wm a pound was cut into & the blanks were made by casting wchwhich is Easy & cheap but cannot be done in fine copper. The Copper is now worth about 13d per lwt & a pound wt is cut into 23d whereof 1d is reserved to yethe public only 21d is allowed for copper & remedy workmanship.]
I am upon trying how the Moneyers can neale & clean the blanks. And if yoryour Lordps please to give one leave to go on wthwith Mr Hine Appleby & Mr Hines till they have finished prepared & imported the Copper that they have begun to work upon I hope I shall by that time be able to give yoryour Lordps a better account the state of this coinage.]
And therefore I humbly pray that it may remain in my power to dismiss those that do not serve me well.]
I am now trying how if instead of nealing the & pcleaning the Copper in the barrs the moneyers can neale & clean the copper in the blanks learn to neale & clean it as wellas well a way as through sufficiently in the blanks. And if your LordpsLordships please to suffer me to go on wthwith Mr Hines Appleby & Mr Hines untill this this difficulty is over, I shall then be able to giv
[& untill they have also coined their complement of farthings: I will then lay this matter the state of this coinage again anew before your Lordps.] & they have also coyned the copper wchwhich they have already manufactured &
And if any faulty peicespieces escape them we rece
TIn the last coinage of copper moneys the copper was worth about 8d per lwtpound weight
[the blanks were made by casting wchwhich is an east & cheap work, the]
copper is now worth about 13d per lwt & the & a pound weight was cut into
21d wthwith an addition of almost a penny more under the name of a remedy At po The copper is now worth [about 13d & yet a pound wt is cut only into] between 13 & 14d & the coinage is b & yet a pound weight is cut only into 23d with a whereof a p three half pence is reserved to yethe government.
These
And for putting a stop to these
They complain of me fo Instead of applying They complain of me ff & now complain of me for not acting without warrants.
For setting this matter putting an end to these ments this matter I humbly pray that yoryour LordpsLordships will be pleased still to suffersufferallow me to try & to receive or reject any man's copper wheich shall bring to me the finest copper & but prepared manufactured & to refuse any mans copper who& to upon examination receive or reject it accordingly as I shall find it finer or coursercoarser & better or worse prepared & to go on with Appleby & Hines in the first place till they commit another fault least I can meet with better workmen willing to serve me, & to referr to such a trial those people finally to me who now complain
[&&And because the refining wthwith seacoale is not a new invention to the sulphureous fumes of the seacoal sometimes dammage the copper, I desire also I may have leave hereafter to apply to your Lordps for a remedy if I find it necessary.]
& whose copper I intend to coin in due time if I find it for f for the Mint. if they will
I never desired to
①① In the last coinage of copper was worth about 7d or 8d per Lwtpound weight & a pound wtweight was cut into 21d. The copper is now worth between 13 & 14d per Lwtpound weight & the coinage is difficulter & more chargeable & better performed & yet the allowance for copper & coinage is the same as before a pound wtweight is cuts only into 23d whereof three half pence are reserved to the government. And aAll wchwhich have hitherto been gtSo that about 5d per Lwt is sound of what allowed beforedeficiency in the goodness of deficiency in the goodness of the copper hitherto complained of doth not amount to the 40th part of the whole value of the copper, wchwhich is no more then the rRemedy allowed in weight, & therefore would be within the Remedy to be allowed in fineness if the Assays were exact enough for setlingstating thissuch a remedy;.
[& for this reason those complaints have been understoodweighing & fr frivolous &] undiscerned.. And as for the form of the moneys it is before every bodies eyes & ought not to be judged of by the
faulty pieces
faulty pieces. For the nature of coynage is such that
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The nature of coinage is such that amongst the new moneys newly coined there will be some fpieces faulyfaulty in form. It always was & always will be so in the coinage of gold & silver, & the coinage of fine copper is more difficult. But it is the duty of the moneyers to pick out those faulty pieces as well as they can & I have caused half a Tunn of such coyned moneys to be melted down again. And this has been the standing practise of the Mint time out of mind without any disparagement to the coynage of gold & silver. Because I am accountable for the coining of the gold & silver weight & fineness gold & silver moneys in weight & fineness, that coinage is performed by people under my direction. And his MatsMajestys Warrant has made me accountable also for the avlue of the copper moneys according to the rules prescribed therein. To coin moneys of fine copper is a manufacture never before set up in England, & I have met with great difficulties in setting it up for want of time to try ExptsExperiments & the before I began. For removing the main difficulties I perswaded Mr Appleby & Mr Hines to rent a Copperwater mill, a horse mill being too weak, & the difficulties are in a great measure removed. And those that remain will be more easily removed by people under my direction then by such as do not regard me. I cannot untdertake absolutely that there shall be no faulty barrs in the copper imported there shall be no faulty barrs wchwhich may escape the essaysassays, but I am safest in people that are afraid of me. To be concerned in this sort of coiange I never desired,: but it falls to my lot, And things are upon such a foot that I can get nothing but discredit by coyning the money ill. And if those that have served me hitherto be used too hardly, no body else will serve me. I am very willing to lend the Copper rooms in the Mint to any body whose may be authorized to take care of this coinage & content my self wthwith the coiange of yethe gold & seilver; but if it be your LordpsLordships pleasure that I go on with it, I will take the best care I can to have it well performed,,. & they [untill the people be satisfied or yoryour Lordps authorizes me by a Warrant to stop.] And that Mr the Memorialists may not lose their charges I will coine the copper they have prepared if I find it fit for to be coined. But I have notice that thesyd copperuse Barbary copper & hire them refined in London & after such notice it will be requisite that they satisfy me in that matter. least I shoul least I should be accused of coiningconniving at forreign copper after notice that it is forreign.
I humbly pray your LordpsLordships therefore that I may go on in the method its wchwhich is suitable to this Warrant & in wchwhich I have hitherto acted, wchwhich is by allowing me to try any mans copper & to receive or reject it accordingly as I find it finer or coursercoarser, & the manufacture better or worse prepared: & to go in with Appleby & Hine till I can meet wth better work men, & to referr the leave the Memorialists to such a trial.imploy imploy those who serve me best
To coin money of fine copper is a manufacture never before set up in England
Six gravitas s pondys corporis, si uniforms sit, & tempus in æquales nartes dividator singulis temporis particulis æqualiter agendo in corpus, mutationem nedlus tempon parportionale generabits æqualiter matum egus mutabit.
SVt si corporeis cadenteis, gravitas equs sit uniformes, hæco singulis Kenpons particulis singulasæqualibus æqualiter agenda imprimet caries æquales in coppus allud & singulus genelrabit velocitates æquales ad et propteret vis tota in coprus eudens impressa & velocitas tota genita simper erif ut tempur totum sedendi
[et contra si corpus dursum prjiciatur, gravitas contramadeordum tendems velocitatem ascandendi diminut & diminutio velocitatis erit ut tempus ascendendi, et propterea tempus totum ascendid ad tentum summum erit ut velocitas tota quacum corpus sursum projicitur, spateum vultitus ver ascensu toto descriptam it ut velocitas2. & tempus conjunctim red est in dupli retinue velocitatis] oritur ex velocitate ac tempore conjunctim] Et temporibus proportionalibus spatia descripta erunt ut velocitates ac tempora conjunctim, id est in duplicata ratione velocitatum temporum.
Si corpus viribus certoripetis revolvantur quæ sunt reciproce ut cubi distantiarum a centro, docuit D. Cotes ordem invenire quem corpus describet, de loco dato data cum velocitate secundum datam rectam egressi